For this depiction of the ‘Lamentation of Christ’ in a horizontal format Van Dyck was able to draw not only on the older Netherlandish pictorial tradition but also on contemporary developments in Italy. Here, the sacrifice of Christ and the mourning over him are the focus of attention with the intention of instructing the viewer in a mental and emotional understanding of the Passion, in keeping with measures propagated during the Counter-Reformation. An inscription on the reverse of the painting shows the probable date it was created: 1634.