The painting illustrates one of the Idylls written around 270 BC by the Greek poet Theocritus. In his song the lovelorn shepherd laments how the nymph Amaryllis spurned him when he visited her in her grotto. Schack enthused: ‘Who but Böcklin could have painted the garland of flowers above the grotto, the fruit laid outside it and the other gifts like this? These are not the flowers and fruits of this earth: they have blossomed and ripened in a wonderland of the imagination.’