Like in the Aschaffenburg Triptych on the opposite wall, St Jerome is dressed as a cardinal and accompanied by a lion: according to legend, after he had removed a thorn from the lion’s paw, the wild animal stayed with him as a devoted companion. In this composition, the unknown painter follows Lucas Cranach the Elder’s woodcut after a silver figure of the saint from the Wittenberg Heiltum, one of the largest collections of relics prior to the beginning of the Reformation.
Theis panel was presumably part of a winged altarpiece, of which a corresponding depiction of a canonized ruler (Stephan I of Hungary or Charlemagne?) survives in the Germanisches Nationalmuseum in Nuremberg. This work is attributed to Lucas Cranach the Elder, which suggests a connection between the unknown artist of the St Jerome panel and the Cranach workshop.